Understanding Behavior and Assistive Technology Supports

 

What is Behavior?

Behavior refers to any observable and measurable action that a person engages in. In the classroom, behavior includes everything students do, such as speaking, writing, following directions, or even avoiding tasks. Behavior is important because it often serves a purpose or function for the student.

The Four Main Functions of Behavior

Student behavior is typically driven by one of four main functions, often remembered using the acronym SEAT:

1. Sensory (Automatic Reinforcement)

This behavior occurs because it feels good or meets a sensory need.

Example:
A student taps their pencil repeatedly because they enjoy the sound or movement.

2. Escape

This behavior is used to avoid or get out of a task or situation.

Example:
A student puts their head down or refuses to work to avoid completing a difficult assignment.

3. Attention

This behavior is used to gain attention from teachers or peers.

Example:
A student calls out during class to get the teacher’s attention.

4. Tangible (Access to Items)

This behavior occurs when a student wants to gain access to a specific object or activity.

Example:
A student becomes upset when they are told they cannot use an iPad.

What is Reinforcement?

Reinforcement is a strategy used to increase the likelihood that a behavior will happen again in the future.

Positive Reinforcement

Positive reinforcement involves adding something desirable after a behavior occurs.

Example:
A student receives praise or a reward after completing their work.

Negative Reinforcement

Negative reinforcement involves removing something unpleasant after a behavior occurs.

Example:
A student is excused from homework after demonstrating understanding in class.

Assistive Technology That Supports Behavior

Assistive technology can help students regulate behavior, communicate needs, and stay engaged in learning. Below are three examples:

1. Visual Schedules (Low-Tech)

Description:
Visual schedules use pictures, symbols, or words to show students what activities will happen and in what order.

How it helps:
They reduce anxiety, improve transitions, and help students understand expectations, especially for those who struggle with changes in routine.

Video Example:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Izl9WL0h7Bk

2. ClassDojo (High-Tech)

Description:
ClassDojo is a digital behavior management tool that allows teachers to track student behavior and provide instant feedback.

How it helps:
Teachers can reinforce positive behaviors through points and rewards, which increases student motivation and engagement.

Video Example:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDsaXR3Zq6k

3. Choiceworks App (High-Tech)

Description:
Choiceworks is an app that helps students follow routines, understand expectations, and manage emotions.

How it helps:
It supports behavior by providing visual supports, timers, and coping strategies, helping students become more independent.

Video Example:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RKRzfFjwSuc

Understanding the function of behavior allows teachers to respond more effectively to student needs. By using reinforcement strategies and incorporating assistive technology, educators can create supportive learning environments that promote positive behavior and student success!

Resources

IRIS Center – Behavior and Classroom Management
https://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/

Reading Rockets – Behavior and Classroom Strategies

https://www.readingrockets.org/

Understood.org – Behavior and Assistive Technology
https://www.understood.org/

ClassDojo Website
https://www.classdojo.com/

Choiceworks App Information
https://www.readingrockets.org/resources/literacy-apps/choiceworks